Harm counted here, in the products the model covers

Each product whose supply chain counts deaths in Afghanistan, with its deaths per item and the part of that figure counted here — the other side of the story: harm suffered here, in things mostly bought elsewhere.

Scenario Economic-embedded, using FIGARO 2023.

Harm counted here, in the products the model covers
Product	Deaths per item
Wheat flour Part from here: 1.7%	1.1 × 10⁻⁸ per item(0.44–2.6 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Croissant Part from here: 0.78%	0.42–2.4 × 10⁻⁸ per itemINDICATIVES-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Cotton fabric Part from here: 0.76%	3.9 × 10⁻⁸ per item(1.5–9.5 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Cotton T-shirt Part from here: 0.76%	6.4 × 10⁻⁹ per item(0.25–1.6 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Cotton yarn Part from here: 0.76%	3.8 × 10⁻⁸ per item(1.5–9.3 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Denim fabric Part from here: 0.76%	3.8 × 10⁻⁸ per item(1.5–9.8 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Jeans Part from here: 0.76%	3.2 × 10⁻⁸ per item(1.2–8.0 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Butter Part from here: 0.71%	3.2 × 10⁻⁷ per item(1.3–7.2 × 10⁻⁷)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Bag of charcoal Part from here: 0.24%	1.5 × 10⁻⁷ per item(0.61–3.5 × 10⁻⁷)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Steel Part from here: <0.1%	3.1 × 10⁻⁹ per item(1.7–6.7 × 10⁻⁹)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Passenger car tyre Part from here: <0.1%	5.2 × 10⁻¹⁰ per item(0.27–1.1 × 10⁻⁹)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Refined sugar Part from here: <0.1%	6.1 × 10⁻⁹ per item(0.24–1.5 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Petrol car Part from here: <0.1%	9.5 × 10⁻⁶ per item(0.55–1.7 × 10⁻⁵)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Electric car Part from here: <0.1%	3.0 × 10⁻⁵ per item(1.8–5.5 × 10⁻⁵)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Chocolate bar Part from here: <0.1%	2.5 × 10⁻⁹ per item(1.2–5.8 × 10⁻⁹)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Laptop Part from here: <0.1%	5.4 × 10⁻⁷ per item(0.21–1.2 × 10⁻⁶)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Smartphone Part from here: <0.1%	3.0 × 10⁻⁸ per item(1.2–6.3 × 10⁻⁸)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Lithium-ion battery pack Part from here: <0.1%	6.9 × 10⁻⁸ per item(0.36–1.4 × 10⁻⁷)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r
Printed circuit board assembly Part from here: <0.1%	1.6 × 10⁻⁶ per item(0.60–3.4 × 10⁻⁶)LOWS-MAX · run 2259 · methodology v1.0 · data dv-20261007-44r

The figure is the product’s own, with its range. The share beside it is a middle estimate only: the calculation stores a range for each figure, not for each part of one.

Recorded here

Deaths recorded for this country, as their publishers counted them: war deaths from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), and deaths at work reported to the International Labour Organization. Both are records, and both are floors, not estimates of the whole. A war death is recorded where it happened, whoever died.

Recorded here
Kind of harm	Years	Deaths recorded	Latest year
War deaths (UCDP)	1989–2025	318,227	332 (2025)

What it produces

The latest year on record for each material, and this country’s share of the production on record for that year. That is not always a share of the world total: when a publisher lumps small producers together as “other countries”, that group is not a country and is not loaded.

What it produces
Material	Produced	Share of recorded production	Quality
Natural gas (2020)	80,200,076 m3	0.0%	reported
Coal and lignite (2024)	1,175,999 t	0.0%	reported
Wheat (2024)	5,200,000 t	0.7%	external
Milk (2024)	2,248,984 t	0.2%	estimated
Maize (2024)	260,000 t	0.0%	external
Rice (2024)	654,000 t	0.1%	estimated
Soybeans (2024)	7,305 t	0.0%	gap filled
Sugar (2024)	59,767 t	0.0%	gap filled
Cotton (2024)	120,508 t	0.2%	gap filled
Livestock (2024)	222,431 t	0.1%	gap filled
Timber (2024)	1,760,000 m3	0.1%	estimated
Wood charcoal (2024)	165,978 t	0.3%	estimated
Agricultural land (2024)	38,082,000 ha	0.8%	reported
Forest (2025)	1,209,440 ha	0.0%	external
Fresh water (2023)	203,400,000 m3	0.0%	gap filled

Where what it consumes is produced

For each material, how much of what this country uses was produced in each country. It is traced through trade, so a country that only passes a material on is not counted as its source: it hands on the mix it imported. The largest sources are listed and the rest added together.

Crude petroleum — 2022, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Iran, Islamic Rep.	53.6%	yes
Saudi Arabia	17.7%	—
United Arab Emirates	13.9%	yes
Pakistan	13.3%	yes
Kuwait	1.1%	—
Qatar	0.2%	—
All other countries	0.2%

Natural gas — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Kazakhstan	86.3%	—
Uzbekistan	7.3%	—
Russian Federation	5.1%	yes
Turkmenistan	1.4%	—
All other countries	0.0%

Coal and lignite — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

Cobalt — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Congo, Dem. Rep.	41.1%	yes
Canada	21.0%	—
Madagascar	14.6%	—
Australia	8.7%	—
United States	5.2%	—
Russian Federation	4.8%	yes
All other countries	4.5%

Copper — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Russian Federation	51.7%	yes
Kazakhstan	38.9%	—
Chile	2.7%	—
Poland	1.7%	—
Indonesia	1.7%	yes
Peru	1.6%	yes
All other countries	1.7%

Lithium — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Australia	32.8%	—
Chile	31.1%	—
China	20.9%	—
Argentina	7.2%	yes
Zimbabwe	5.4%	—
Brazil	1.8%	yes
All other countries	0.8%

Nickel — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Russian Federation	50.9%	yes
Australia	28.9%	—
Canada	12.0%	—
New Caledonia	4.0%	—
Brazil	1.6%	yes
Philippines	1.4%	yes
All other countries	1.3%

Gold — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Russian Federation	26.3%	yes
Ghana	14.0%	yes
Mali	11.8%	yes
Tanzania	5.9%	—
United States	5.4%	—
Australia	5.1%	—
All other countries	31.6%

Tin — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Indonesia	34.8%	yes
Peru	32.2%	—
Brazil	12.7%	yes
Bolivia	12.4%	—
China	3.2%	—
Malaysia	1.4%	—
All other countries	3.3%

Tantalum — 2020, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Brazil	26.2%	yes
Congo, Dem. Rep.	19.0%	yes
Rwanda	17.3%	—
Nigeria	11.7%	yes
Ethiopia	6.6%	yes
Australia	5.2%	—
All other countries	14.0%

Tungsten — 2020, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	72.1%	—
Bolivia	9.7%	—
Portugal	5.5%	—
Russian Federation	5.1%	yes
Rwanda	2.3%	—
Austria	1.9%	yes
All other countries	3.3%

Iron ore — 2012, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
South Africa	98.8%	—
Brazil	1.2%	yes
All other countries	0.1%

Bauxite — 2018, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Guinea	90.3%	—
Brazil	3.3%	yes
Saudi Arabia	2.7%	yes
China	2.3%	—
Australia	0.8%	yes
Jamaica	0.3%	—
All other countries	0.3%

Rare earth elements — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	49.4%	—
India	39.5%	yes
Myanmar	4.9%	yes
United States	2.6%	—
Australia	1.8%	—
Russian Federation	1.3%	yes
All other countries	0.4%

Silver — 2022, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Mexico	41.1%	yes
United States	11.3%	yes
Russian Federation	7.7%	yes
Poland	7.3%	yes
Kazakhstan	6.6%	—
China	5.3%	—
All other countries	20.8%

Zinc — 2020, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Peru	32.0%	yes
Kazakhstan	22.4%	—
Mexico	14.3%	yes
Australia	8.7%	—
Bolivia	6.4%	—
Russian Federation	5.3%	yes
All other countries	11.0%

Phosphate rock — 2018, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Senegal	57.2%	yes
India	42.5%	yes
United States	0.3%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

Manganese — 2019, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
India	36.1%	yes
South Africa	29.5%	yes
Australia	10.1%	—
Gabon	8.6%	—
Brazil	7.7%	yes
Cote d'Ivoire	4.6%	—
All other countries	3.3%

Natural graphite — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	98.3%	—
Tanzania	0.8%	yes
Madagascar	0.5%	—
Mozambique	0.3%	yes
All other countries	0.1%

Salt — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Pakistan	98.1%	yes
China	0.6%	—
Germany	0.3%	yes
Italy	0.2%	—
Turkiye	0.1%	yes
Russian Federation	0.1%	yes
All other countries	0.5%

Silica sand — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	46.7%	—
Italy	40.2%	—
United States	2.8%	—
France	1.9%	yes
India	1.6%	yes
Spain	1.3%	—
All other countries	5.6%

Natural diamonds (rough) — 2020, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Russian Federation	37.2%	yes
Canada	20.0%	—
Botswana	15.7%	—
Australia	5.8%	—
Angola	5.5%	yes
Congo, Dem. Rep.	5.2%	yes
All other countries	10.6%

Wheat — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Afghanistan (at home)	96.5%	yes
Kazakhstan	3.0%	—
Russian Federation	0.3%	yes
Uzbekistan	0.2%	—
All other countries	0.0%

Milk — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Afghanistan (at home)	99.5%	yes
Pakistan	0.2%	yes
Netherlands	0.1%	—
All other countries	0.2%

Natural rubber — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Indonesia	33.4%	yes
Thailand	21.9%	yes
Cote d'Ivoire	16.8%	—
Nigeria	10.0%	yes
Ghana	4.0%	yes
Viet Nam	3.3%	—
All other countries	10.5%

Maize — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Afghanistan (at home)	87.7%	yes
Pakistan	11.8%	yes
Kazakhstan	0.3%	—
United States	0.1%	—
All other countries	0.2%

Rice — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Pakistan	56.2%	yes
Afghanistan (at home)	43.2%	yes
China	0.2%	—
Korea, Rep.	0.2%	—
Kazakhstan	0.1%	—
All other countries	0.1%

Soybeans — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Afghanistan (at home)	84.6%	yes
Kazakhstan	11.9%	—
Russian Federation	2.9%	yes
Brazil	0.4%	yes
All other countries	0.2%

Sugar — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Pakistan	87.4%	yes
India	4.9%	yes
China	3.1%	—
Brazil	1.6%	yes
Russian Federation	1.2%	yes
Afghanistan (at home)	1.1%	yes
All other countries	0.7%

Coffee — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Brazil	63.6%	yes
Uganda	7.2%	yes
India	4.8%	yes
Colombia	4.1%	yes
El Salvador	4.0%	—
Viet Nam	3.8%	—
All other countries	12.5%

Cocoa — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Cote d'Ivoire	63.9%	—
Cameroon	11.0%	yes
Ghana	10.4%	yes
Nigeria	5.3%	yes
Peru	2.6%	—
Ecuador	2.0%	yes
All other countries	4.7%

Palm oil — 2023, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Malaysia	91.0%	—
Indonesia	8.2%	yes
Thailand	0.5%	yes
Papua New Guinea	0.3%	yes
All other countries	0.1%

Cotton — 2008, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

Livestock — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Afghanistan (at home)	97.7%	yes
China	2.0%	—
Pakistan	0.1%	yes
All other countries	0.2%

Timber — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

Tobacco (unmanufactured) — 2022, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
China	28.3%	—
Brazil	14.4%	yes
Zimbabwe	12.4%	—
India	10.6%	yes
Bangladesh	8.8%	yes
Pakistan	8.7%	yes
All other countries	16.9%

Wood charcoal — 2024, by value
Produced in	Share	War recorded
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%	yes
All other countries	0.0%

“War recorded” marks a source country where war deaths were recorded in the same year. It is a fact about that country, not a claim that this material caused them.

Where what it produces is consumed

For each material this country produces, how much of it is used in each country, including at home.

Natural gas — 2020, by value
Consumed in	Share
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Coal and lignite — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Pakistan	65.5%
Afghanistan (at home)	34.4%
All other countries	0.1%

Wheat — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Milk — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Maize — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Afghanistan (at home)	99.7%
All other countries	0.3%

Rice — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Soybeans — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Sugar — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Afghanistan (at home)	99.0%
All other countries	1.0%

Cotton — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Pakistan	98.8%
Philippines	0.1%
Italy	0.1%
Estonia	0.1%
Germany	0.1%
France	0.0%
All other countries	0.9%

Livestock — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Timber — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

Wood charcoal — 2024, by value
Consumed in	Share
Afghanistan (at home)	100.0%
All other countries	0.0%

The number this page does not show

The harm these supply chains carry is calculated, and not shown.

The model passes the harm counted where a material is produced on to the countries that use it. That is a count of people from a recorded calculation, with no range yet, and nothing of that kind is published before the model passes its test on past years. What this page can show without it is the structure: who produces, who uses, and where harm is recorded along the way.

Sources

Sources
Version of the data	Downloaded	File fingerprint
ucdp · ged-v26.1	2026-09-10	`8c941d84954e555e…`
eia · intl-20261003	2026-10-06	`9251a5920ebe7044…`
faostat · qcl-20251231	2026-09-29	`c5835418c18f9322…`
faostat · fo-20260109	2026-09-29	`c2f7fc99651f620b…`
faostat · rl-20261002	2026-10-06	`39b739fbfb694971…`
aquastat · ds-20260713	2026-10-06	`3bca93e1d4430099…`
baci · HS92_V202601-20260130	2026-09-29	`43259580059fa83e…`

CEPII, BACI — Gaulier, G. and Zignago, S. (2010), BACI: International Trade Database at the Product-Level, CEPII Working Paper 2010-23. CEPII did not endorse these derived figures — HS92_V202601-20260130, retrieved 2026-09-29 from https://www.cepii.fr/DATA_DOWNLOAD/baci/data/BACI_HS92_V202601.zip. Licensed under Open Licence 2.0 (Licence Ouverte, Etalab) (https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/open-licence.pdf).
FAO. AQUASTAT, FAO's Global Information System on Water and Agriculture: municipal water withdrawal. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — ds-20260713, retrieved 2026-10-06 from https://api.data.apps.fao.org/api/v2/bigquery. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAOSTAT. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — fo-20260109, retrieved 2026-09-29 from https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/Forestry_E_All_Data_(Normalized).zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAOSTAT. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — qcl-20251231, retrieved 2026-09-29 from https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/Production_Crops_Livestock_E_All_Data_(Normalized).zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAOSTAT. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. FAO endorsement of these derived figures is neither stated nor implied — rl-20261002, retrieved 2026-10-06 from https://bulks-faostat.fao.org/production/Inputs_LandUse_E_All_Data_(Normalized).zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Statistics — intl-20261003, retrieved 2026-10-06 from https://www.eia.gov/opendata/bulk/INTL.zip. Used under U.S. Government work — public domain (EIA Copyrights and Reuse); see https://www.eia.gov/about/copyrights_reuse.php.
Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP), Uppsala University — Davies, Pettersson and Oberg, "Organized violence 1989-2025, and violent political protests", Journal of Peace Research (2026), doi:10.1093/jopres/xjag046 — ged-v26.1, retrieved 2026-09-10 from https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/ged/ged261-csv.zip. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data modified by HumanToll.

Sources →

Afghanistan